Introduction: The aim of our study was to determine the socio-demographic,\ndiagnostic and therapeutic aspects of ulcerative colitis (UC) in one of the largest\ngastroenterology departments in Senegal. Patients and Method: This was a\nretrospective and descriptive study based on the analysis of the records of patients\nhospitalized in the Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of the Grand\nYoff General Hospital (Dakar, Senegal) between January 2013 and December\n2019. All cases of UC were collected. Clinical, biological, endoscopic and histological\ndata were collected, as well as treatment options. Results: We observed\n24 cases, representing a prevalence of 0.87% of inpatients. The mean\nage of patients was 36 (ranged 18 to 73) and sex ratio 0.9 (13 females). The\nmean diagnostic delay was 1.6 years (ranged 4 months to 5 years). The clinical\nsymptomatology was dominated by diarrhea with blood and mucus (18 cases).\nThe Litchiger score on admission averaged 8 and 5 patients (20.8%) had severe\nacute colitis. Colonoscopy showed pancolonic involvement (Montreal E3)\nin 11 cases (45.8%) and severe endoscopic lesions (stage 3 of the Mayo endoscopic\nsubscore) in 10 cases (41.6%). Therapeutically, 17 patients (70.8%) were\ninitially treated with corticosteroids. Background therapy was 5-ASA in 17\npatients (70.8%) and azathioprine in 7 patients (29.2%). Two cases of death\n(8.3%) were observed following colectasia with colonic perforations before emergency\nsurgery could be performed. Conclusion: UC in our study was primarily\namong young adults with a slight female predominance. Diagnosis is often\nlate. The lack of biotherapy requires close collaboration with surgeons for the\nmanagement of severe forms.
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